Beam Distance
The beam distance or throw tells you how far the beam of light has an effective reach. This is an important consideration when a torch or flashlight is used in applications where long-range visibility is vital.
Beam Pattern
The beam pattern of a torch explains how the torch light spreads the produced light. Some standard patterns of light distribution are, spotlight (focussed narrow beam), flood light (wide light distribution) plus adjustable light allowing you to switch between different light modes.
Run Time
This refers to how long a torch will operate continuously on a single set of batteries or a fully charged re-chargeable battery. A manufacturer will supply the runtime information for differing brightness levels.
Impact Resistance
Measures a torches ability to withstand drops and not cause any damage. Lights that have been impact tested have normally been dropped six times onto concrete at rated distances. A torch or flashlight that has been designed for robust and harsh environments will normally have a higher impact rating than standard torches.
IP Rating
IP Rating is a short description for Ingress Protection Rating which determines the level of protection an enclosure, in this case a torch, provides protection from intrusion by external environments like dust, dirt and liquids (levels of water resistance).
Water resistance is important of the torch flashlight is used outside in all weather conditions, or in and around water it is rated using the IPX rating system. An IPX4 rated torch flashlight is splash resistant from all sides. IPX7 is resistant to temporary immersion withstanding up to 30 minutes at a depth of 1 m. IPX8 resistant to submersion up to 4 hours at a specified depth.