The latest electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure in Europe includes various methods for replenishing battery power, categorised broadly into AC (alternating current) and DC (direct current) charging points. At the lowest level, charging via a standard AC socket outlet can be accomplished using a basic cable and plug without supplementary pilot or auxiliary contacts. For enhanced safety, an AC socket outlet can use a cable and plug equipped with a control pilot function and a system for personal protection against shock.

However, for higher voltage, more efficient and integrated solutions, dedicated AC-supplied charging stations come with attached EV charging cables that include control pilot functionality, ensuring seamless communication between the station and the EV. On the other hand, DC charging stations, known for faster charging capabilities, use dedicated EV charging cables with a control pilot function that extends from the station directly to the vehicle, providing a robust connection for rapid energy transfer.

Both AC and DC charging points can be designed incorporating essential equipment from TE Connectivity, including power relays, DC contactors, board and signal connectors, power resistors, switches, and filters, ensuring reliable and efficient performance in EV charging systems.