Thermal interface materials (TIMs) fill microscopic irregularities, surface roughnesses, and air gaps between two mating surfaces to aid thermal conduction. It is well known that air is a poor conductor and a highly effective insulator. Therefore, TIMs are designed to increase the efficiency of thermal transfer and offer better cooling, by providing lower thermal contact resistance.
The interface material’s thermal conductivity will largely determine its thermal performance. High thermal conductivity will guarantee good heat transfer, providing the required level of heat dissipation and a more efficient cooling solution.
A suitable thermal interface material should have the following properties:
- High flexibility
- Good insulation
- High compressibility
- Good heat conduction
Thermal interface materials can come in various forms, such as thermal pads, paste, or grease. They are typically easy to handle and set in place, available in multiple thicknesses to suit each application.